On the difficulty of preserving the vaccine virus on thread or glass in very hot weather
Vaccines -- Preservation
Vaccines
Essays
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
bmsb010_02
Entitles to the kine pox inoculation
Inoculation
Vaccines
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
hmsc016_04_117
An attempt to investigate some obscure and undecided doctrines in relation to small-pox, varioloid and vaccination
Bell, Luther Vose, 1806-1862
Inscriptions
Bookplates
The endpapers of this short work on smallpox vaccination contain a bookplate of Dr. Addison Marshall Clark (1857-1919), an Ohio surgeon, along with an 1894 inscription from Dr. Howard A. Kelly (1853-1943), presenting it to William Osler as <em>“a small addition to your Americana.”</em> It was then given by Osler to Joseph Hersey Pratt in 1905 who intended to give it to the Osler Library at McGill University in 1930 but then also presented it to Dr. Conrad Wesselhoeft of Boston, in 1943, before its donation to the Boston Medical Library.
Bell, Luther Vose, 1806-1862
Marsh, Capen and Lyon
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002841
Royal Jennerian Society for the Extermination of the Small-pox
Broadsheet (format)
Royal Jennerian Society
Smallpox vaccine
Following the discovery of Edward Jenner, the Royal Jennerian Society was formed at the London Tavern on January 19, 1803. Under the patronage of the Prince and Princess of Wales, the society's goal was to promote the eradication of smallpox through vaccination. This rare broadside announces the formation of the society and encourages the officials of other cities and towns to adopt similar measures.
Royal Jennerian Society
London
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
A book of the records of inoculation for the kine pock
Town Council of Providence, Rhode Island
Smallpox vaccine
Excerpts
Medical records
<p>A colleague and friend of Harvard's Benjamin Waterhouse, Sylvanus Fansher (1770-1846) successfully vaccinated over 35,000 individuals in New England, New York, and New Jersey before 1816. This register, maintained by the town council of Providence, Rhode Island, records the names and dates of over 5,300 smallpox vaccinations by Fansher, along with physician John Mackie (1780-1833), between 1810 and 1816.
</p><p>
The Providence register along with the Royal Jennerian Society broadside, are some of the recent additions to the extensive collection of books and manuscripts related to smallpox vaccination in the library collections.</p>
Town Council of Providence, Rhode Island
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
DigID0002816
Letter from Moses Younglove to Sylvanus Fansher
Younglove, Moses, 1752-1829
Fansher, Sylvanus, 1770-1846
Correspondence
Smallpox vaccine
In response to an inquiry from Sylvanus Fansher (1770-1846), New York physician Moses Younglove sent this letter describing his experiences with smallpox and cowpox inoculation. Younglove claims to have inoculated over 1,400 individuals with only six fatalities before the advent of vaccination. The letter is written on the verso of an 1825 broadside describing Younglove's treatment for smallpox patients.
Younglove, Moses, 1752-1829
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
DigID0002828-0002830
Miscellaneous Works of the Late Robert Willan
Willan, Robert, 1757-1812
Boston Medical Library (1805-1826)
Excerpts
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
Robert Willan's observations on the history of smallpox as well as his detailed records of the diseases he saw and treated in London from 1796 to 1800 would have been of considerable interest to the physicians of Boston. Here, Willan discusses the utility of Edward Jenner's vaccination efforts.
Willan, Robert, 1757-1812
T. Cadell
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
DigID0002724
Vaccinae Vindicia
Thornton, Robert John, 1768?-1837
Plates (illustrations)
Boston Medical Library (1805-1826)
Pasipha
Vaccination
Robert John Thornton published this detailed account of smallpox vaccination cases as an attack on Dr. Benjamin Moseley (1742-1819) and other opponents of Edward Jenner's work. In 1800, Moseley, a member of the Royal College of Physicians, suggested that the result of inoculation with cowpox matter might be <i>"That the human character may undergo strange mutations from quadrupedean sympathy and that some modern Pasiphaë may rival the fables of old"</i>—with the plate displayed here showing the result.
Thornton, Robert John, 1768?-1837
Printed for H. D. Symonds, et al.
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
Vaccinating the Baby
Harper's Weekly
Vaccination
Periodicals
This illustration from a popular New York periodical encourages parents to vaccinate their children against smallpox
Harper's Weekly
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
English
still image
Snuffbox
Vaccination
Snuffboxes
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
Silver (metal)
This silver snuffbox was a gift from Edward Jenner to Benjamin Waterhouse and contained quills impregnated with cowpox vaccine matter for use in America. In a letter dated November 16, 1802, Waterhouse said,<em>"Dr. Jenner has been to me what the sun is to the moon... Dr. Jenner has just sent me a present I highly prize, a silver box inlaid with gold of exquisite taste and workmanship, bearing the inscription, 'Edward Jenner to Benjamin Waterhouse.' But Mr. [John] Ring annexed the superscription in rather a hyperbolic style, 'From the Jenner of the Old World to the Jenner of the New World.'"</em>
Unknown
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
English
physical object
DigID0002452
Vaccine Inoculation
Vaccination
Watercolors (paintings)
This unusual illustration of a child's arm with the distinctive mark of inoculation was inserted in Benjamin Waterhouse's own copy of <em>The Origin of the Vaccine Inoculation</em> (London : printed by D. N. Shury, 1801). <em>The Origin</em> was Edward Jenner's attempt to prove his claim to the priority of cowpox inoculation. He concludes the treatise with the words <em>"An hundred thousand persons, upon the smallest computation, have been inoculated in these realms. The numbers who have partaken of its benefits throughout Europe and other parts of the Globe are incalculable: and it now becomes too manifest to admit of controversy, that the annihilation of the Small Pox, the most dreadful scourge of the human species, must be the final result of this practice."</em>
Unknown
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
English
still image
DigID0002450
Tea Service
Vaccination
Tea services
Porcelain (material)
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Unknown
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
physical object
DigID0002455
B. Waterhouse, M.D.
Vaccination
Portraits
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Unknown
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
still image
DigID0002460
Lock of Edward Jenner's hair
Vaccination
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
Human hair
Unknown
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
physical object
DigID0002456
Edward Jenner medal
Loos, Friedrich Wilhelm (artist)
Vaccination
Medals
Bronze (metal)
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
A number of medals were struck to commemorate Edward Jenner's research and the centennial of the first vaccinations. While most depict the physician himself, the bronze example here shows an angel draping a garland around the neck of a cow surrounded by dancing children. The medal was crafted by Friedrich Wilhelm Loos.
Loos, Friedrich Wilhelm
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
English
physical object
Hand of Sarah Nelmes
Skelton, William, 1763-1848
Vaccination
Vaccinia
Scientific illustrations (images)
This colored plate appears in the first edition of Edward Jenner's <em>An Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of Variolæ Vaccinæ</em> and depicts the cowpox pustules on the hand of dairymaid Sarah Nelmes. Cowpox matter from these pustules was used to vaccinate the boy James Phipps in 1796.
Skelton, William, 1763-1848
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
still image
DigID0002465
Dr. Jenner, the Discoverer of Cow Pox Inoculation
Vaccination
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
Portraits
Unknown
J. Robins
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
English
still image
DigID0002464
The Cow-Pock, or, the Wonderful Effects of the New Inoculation!
Gillray, James, 1756-1815 (artist)
Vaccination
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
Satires (document genre)
Engravings (prints)
As the first professional caricaturist in England, James Gillray is usually remembered for his political and royal satires, but this engraving, poking fun at the work of Edward Jenner, shows the dire consequences of injecting cowpox matter into humans.
Gillray, James, 1756-1815
H. Humphrey
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
English
still image
DigID0002463
Benjamin Waterhouse
Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860 (artist)
Vaccination
Portraits
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
This portrait of Waterhouse at the age of 79, attributed to American artist Rembrandt Peale, was on display at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia in 1876.
Peale, Rembrandt, 1778-1860
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
image
still image
DigID0002449
A Collection of Papers Relative to the Transactions of the Town of Milton
Milton (Mass.)
Vaccination
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
The Selectmen of Milton, Massachusetts, assembled, published, and distributed this assortment of documents to prove the efficacy of vaccination against smallpox and encourage towns throughout the state to establish vaccination programs. Through the work of physicians Amos Holbrook and John Mark Gourgas, over 300 of Milton’s citizens—more than one-quarter of the population—were vaccinated, and matter was supplied to the neighboring towns of Dorchester, Canton, Stoughton, and Sharon.
<p>Benjamin Waterhouse contributed this statement on his work to the publication.</p>
Milton (Mass.)
J. Belcher
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002474
Letter from Benjamin Waterhouse to John Mellen and the Selectmen of the Town of Cambridge
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846 (author)
Vaccination
Cambridge (Mass.). Selectmen
Correspondence
This letter from Waterhouse proposes that Cambridge initiate a general vaccination program for all its citizens—<em>“adopting that easy substitute afforded them by Divine Goodness”</em>—and vaccinate the poor without charge.
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002472
DigID0002473
A Prospect of Exterminating the Small Pox, Part II
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Vaccination
Pamphlets
In this companion pamphlet to his original publication just two years earlier, Waterhouse recounts the popularity of smallpox inoculation following his experiments, as well as the consequent appearance of spurious cowpox matter which caused a smallpox outbreak in Marblehead.
<p>In the footnote on page 16, Waterhouse describes the procedure he has developed for vaccination.</p>
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Cambridge University Press
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002475
Letter from Benjamin Waterhouse to Edward Everett
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846 (author)
Vaccination
Everett, Edward, 1794-1865
Correspondence
Letter books
In the 1820s, years after his initial vaccination experiments, Benjamin Waterhouse remained closely involved with the subject. He used this letterbook to keep copies of correspondence with President John Quincy Adams, Daniel Webster, and other influential political figures on the advisability of the government appointing a national director of vaccination programs.
<p>In this letter, addressed to Massachusetts Congressman Edward Everett (1794-1865), Waterhouse outlines his experience with vaccination and concludes with this: <em>"Whereas you have a very expensive dept. for destroying human life, would it not be for the honour of the New World to have a little national establishment for the preservation of human life; more especially as the devouring monster, small pox, has a lready destroyed many millions (some say 40) more lives than there are people now on the face of the earth."</em></p>
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002459
Rules to Be Attended to During the Vaccination
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Vaccination
Broadsheet (format)
Rules (instructions)
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002462
Letter from Benjamin Waterhouse to Lyman Spalding
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846 (author)
Vaccination
Spalding, Lyman, 1775-1821
Correspondence
Benjamin Waterhouse's position as a supplier of vaccine matter to American physicians is attested in this letter to a colleague, Lyman Spalding (1775-1821). Note that the letter also refers to Jenner's gift to Waterhouse of the silver snuffbox containing quills laden with cowpox vaccine.
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002458
Letter from Benjamin Waterhouse to Edward Jenner
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846 (author)
Vaccination
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
Correspondence
In this letter, Waterhouse describes for Jenner the difficulties he has encountered with inoculations of spurious matter and asks for some additional vaccine, specifying that the matter be sent on soaked threads pressed between glass and sealed with wax.
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002466
On the Difficulty of Preserving the Vaccine Virus on Thread or Glass
in Very Hot Weather
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Vaccination
Manuscripts (document genre)
Charts (graphic documents)
Some of the problems associated with the early smallpox vaccination work are highlighted in this manuscript of Benjamin Waterhouse. Without an adequate way to preserve the active virus at high temperatures, Waterhouse often found its efficacy compromised. During June and July, 1801, he charted the temperature and humidity in Cambridge to measure its effect on his vaccine matter and then devised these procedures to keep the matter cool and allow samples to be sent to his colleagues.
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002461
A Prospect of Exterminating the Small-Pox
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Vaccination
Title pages
Pamphlets
Benjamin Waterhouse's first pamphlet on the subject of his inoculation work appeared in September, 1800, just a few weeks after the vaccination of the Waterhouse children and servants in the summer. The pamphlet describes his early promotion of Jenner's work and a short appendix advertises Waterhouse's readiness to vaccinate others, based on the success of the tests on his household.
<p>This copy is inscribed to Dr. John Jeffries from Benjamin Waterhouse.</p>
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
William Hilliard
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002457
Waterhouse Family Bible
Vaccination
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 1754-1846
Bible records
Smallpox
The flyleaves and end papers of Bibles were often used to record the births, deaths, and marriages of family members. But this Bible, belonging to the Waterhouse family, was used to record Benjamin Waterhouse's cowpox inoculations of his children, Daniel, Benjamin, Mary, and Elizabeth, and two servants, Samuel Carter and Kesiah Flag, during the summer of 1800, and their subsequent exposures to smallpox by Dr. William Aspinwall. According to Waterhouse, all were again exposed to smallpox seven years later and suffered no ill effects <em>"which was done to convince the faithless, and silence the mischievous."</em>
Unknown
T. Wright and W. Gill
The Harvard Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002451
Analytical review of Jenner's "An Inquiry..."
Vaccination
Reviews (document genre)
Articles
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
Vaccinia
This anonymous article, appearing in December 1798, is the first American publication to discuss the work of Edward Jenner.
Anonymous
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002454
An Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of the Variolæ Vaccinæ
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
Vaccination
Title pages
Vaccinia
Smallpox
The first edition of Edward Jenner's publication contains his evidence that inoculation with cowpox vaccine matter could be a preventive against smallpox. Pages 32-35 concern Case XVII, an eight-year-old named James Phipps, who was inoculated with cowpox matter taken from Sarah Nelmes, a dairymaid, on May 14, 1796. Subsequent inoculation with smallpox demonstrated the boy's immunity to the disease. The case was Jenner's first vaccination of a human patient.
<p>The title-page of this copy of <em>An Inquiry</em> bears a presentation inscription by Edward Jenner to the Reverend John Clinch.</p>
Jenner, Edward, 1749-1823
Sampson Low
The Boston Medical Library does not hold copyright on all materials in this collection. For use information, consult Public Services at chm@hms.harvard.edu
text
English
text
DigID0002453