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                  <text>Abraham Stone (1890-1959), was Medical Director and later Director of the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau in New York City from 1941 to 1959. His research focused on marriage counseling and reproductive health issues including family planning, birth control, sterility, fertility, sexual relations, and global overpopulation. Stone was an urologist in private practice with his wife Hannah in New York City before becoming Medical Director at the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau, succeeding his wife Hannah after her death in 1941. Abraham and Hannah Stone published A Marriage Manual in 1935, one of the first publications devoted to the topic of marriage. Stone also served as vice-president of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and the International Planned Parenthood Federation during the 1950s, and was a founding member and president of the American Association of Marriage Counselors.&#13;
Primarily consists of colleague and patient correspondence, meeting minutes, reports, publications, data, and photographs resulting from Stone's administrative activities as Director and Medical Director of the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau in New York City from 1941 to 1959; and writings, notes, reports, meeting minutes, administrative files, correspondence, and photographs from Stone's service as an advocate for the development of international family planning programs as vice-president of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and the International Planned Parenthood Federation. Also includes correspondence, pamphlets, and reports from the selection of Puerto Rico as a closed environment to test the birth control pill in the 1950s. Contains Stone's reports and correspondence with the World Health Organization as a consultant for family planning programs in India and Stone's lecture notes, correspondence, and memoranda from his service as president of the American Association of Marriage Counselors. Also includes family planning correspondence with Robert Latou Dickinson and Edris Rice-Wray; manuscripts, drafts, and revisions of A Marriage Manual; Stone's personal correspondence, including his correspondence with Margaret Sanger; teaching records from the New School for Social Research, writings by his wife, family planning advocate Hannah Stone; and lantern slides of family planning advocates and educators.</text>
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                <text>Donated to the Harvard Medical Library in the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine in 1971 by Gloria Aitken, daughter of Abraham Stone</text>
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                  <text>Abraham Stone (1890-1959), was Medical Director and later Director of the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau in New York City from 1941 to 1959. His research focused on marriage counseling and reproductive health issues including family planning, birth control, sterility, fertility, sexual relations, and global overpopulation. Stone was an urologist in private practice with his wife Hannah in New York City before becoming Medical Director at the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau, succeeding his wife Hannah after her death in 1941. Abraham and Hannah Stone published A Marriage Manual in 1935, one of the first publications devoted to the topic of marriage. Stone also served as vice-president of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and the International Planned Parenthood Federation during the 1950s, and was a founding member and president of the American Association of Marriage Counselors.&#13;
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                <text>Rock became the Director of the Free Hospital for Women’s Sterility Clinic in 1926. At the Free Hospital, Rock saw many infertile women who were eager to have children. Some of his patients, however, sought the means to control conception.  For these women, Rock offered the only legal contraceptive approach, the rhythm method. In 1936 he founded a Rhythm Clinic, helping women to estimate their likelihood of fertility based on a record of the length of previous menstrual cycles. &#13;
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                <text>A Rhythmeter, used to help a woman determine her fertile period using information such as the date of her last menses and the length of her typical cycle</text>
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                <text>Donated to the Harvard Medical Library in the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine in 1971 by Gloria Aitken, daughter of Abraham Stone</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Abraham Stone (1890-1959) began his career as an urologist in New York City in the 1920s, and later expanded his specialties to include marriage counseling and family planning services. He became active in the family planning movement with his wife, Hannah Stone (1894-1941) whom he married in 1917. Hannah was a physician and a close ally of Margaret Sanger, and she was the first medical director of the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau in New York City. Hannah, a staunch advocate of dispersing birth control to American women, was arrested in a 1929 police raid on the Bureau, then called the Birth Control Clinical Research Bureau. The Stones practiced as marriage counselors at the Community Church of New York City, and authored the widely popular &lt;em&gt;A Marriage Manual: A practical guide-book to sex and marriage&lt;/em&gt;. Their work was one of the first books to be published on the topic of marital relations and was reprinted several times.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;Following Hannah&amp;rsquo;s death in 1941, Stone succeeded his wife as Medical Director of the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau, and later ascended to the position of Director of the facility. Under Stone&amp;rsquo;s direction, he expanded the facility&amp;rsquo;s services to include marriage counseling and fertility and sterility services, including early artificial insemination procedures, and the institution became informally referred to as the clinical research arm of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. He maintained a close working relationship with Sanger as director and collaborated with her on efforts to increase birth control awareness amongst the American public. Stone advised women of all backgrounds on feasible options for their reproductive health and collaborated with international colleagues to heighten initial awareness for the need for family planning resources in developing nations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;Stone assisted Sanger in the founding of the International Planned Parenthood Federation in 1952, and served as the organization&amp;rsquo;s vice-president during the 1950s. He published articles on topics including family planning, marital relations, fertility, sterility, and sex education. Stone also published &lt;em&gt;The Premarital Consultation&lt;/em&gt;, the first manual on marital relations written for physicians, with physician Lena Levine in 1956. He died in 1959.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Abraham Stone Papers were donated to the Harvard Medical Library in the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine in 1971 by Gloria Aitken, daughter of Abraham Stone. </text>
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                <text>Margaret Sanger was an advocate for the legal distribution of birth control in the United States from the 1920s until her death in 1966. Sanger worked closely with Hannah Stone and later Abraham Stone at the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau in New York City. The Bureau, originally founded by Sanger as the Birth Control Clinical Research Center in 1923, was renamed in her honor in 1942.</text>
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                <text>The Abraham Stone Papers were donated to the Harvard Medical Library in the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine in 1971 by Gloria Aitken, daughter of Abraham Stone. </text>
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                  <text>Abraham Stone (1890-1959), was Medical Director and later Director of the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau in New York City from 1941 to 1959. His research focused on marriage counseling and reproductive health issues including family planning, birth control, sterility, fertility, sexual relations, and global overpopulation. Stone was an urologist in private practice with his wife Hannah in New York City before becoming Medical Director at the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau, succeeding his wife Hannah after her death in 1941. Abraham and Hannah Stone published A Marriage Manual in 1935, one of the first publications devoted to the topic of marriage. Stone also served as vice-president of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and the International Planned Parenthood Federation during the 1950s, and was a founding member and president of the American Association of Marriage Counselors.&#13;
Primarily consists of colleague and patient correspondence, meeting minutes, reports, publications, data, and photographs resulting from Stone's administrative activities as Director and Medical Director of the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau in New York City from 1941 to 1959; and writings, notes, reports, meeting minutes, administrative files, correspondence, and photographs from Stone's service as an advocate for the development of international family planning programs as vice-president of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and the International Planned Parenthood Federation. Also includes correspondence, pamphlets, and reports from the selection of Puerto Rico as a closed environment to test the birth control pill in the 1950s. Contains Stone's reports and correspondence with the World Health Organization as a consultant for family planning programs in India and Stone's lecture notes, correspondence, and memoranda from his service as president of the American Association of Marriage Counselors. Also includes family planning correspondence with Robert Latou Dickinson and Edris Rice-Wray; manuscripts, drafts, and revisions of A Marriage Manual; Stone's personal correspondence, including his correspondence with Margaret Sanger; teaching records from the New School for Social Research, writings by his wife, family planning advocate Hannah Stone; and lantern slides of family planning advocates and educators.</text>
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                <text>What Progress Toward More Effective Birth Control?</text>
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                <text>While Stone expanded services at the Margaret Sanger Research Bureau to include fertility services and marital counseling, his national profile increased.  He lectured internationally and contributed to popular publications like &lt;i&gt;Readers Digest&lt;/i&gt;.  </text>
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